《植物生理学报》 2017, 53(3): 407-412

秋水仙素诱导杜鹃兰原球茎产生多倍体

吴彦秋, 叶睿华, 吕享, 王汪中, 张明生^*, 刘剑东

贵州大学生命科学学院, 山地植物资源保护与种质创新省部共建教育部重点实验室, 贵阳550025

通信作者：张明生；E-mail: mszhang@guz.edu.cn

摘　要：

以杜鹃兰原球茎为材料进行多倍体诱导研究。采用二因素随机区组试验对杜鹃兰原球茎进行诱变处理, 考查不同质量分数的秋水仙素及不同处理时间对杜鹃兰原球茎的生长及其分化成苗的影响, 比较正常植株和变异植株的形态特征, 并对二者的染色体倍性进行鉴定分析。结果表明, 秋水仙素对杜鹃兰原球茎有一定的毒害作用, 原球茎的存活率随秋水仙素质量分数及处理时间的增加而明显降低, 不同处理的多倍体诱导率不同, 最高诱导率达20%。多倍体试管苗植株粗壮, 叶片质地较硬, 假鳞茎变大, 根粗短且数量少。

关键词：杜鹃兰; 原球茎; 秋水仙素; 化学诱导; 多倍体

收稿：2016-10-28   修定：2017-01-10

资助：国家自然科学基金(81360613和81660627)、国家重点研发计划(2016YFC0502604)、贵州省高层次创新型人才培养计划(黔科合人才[2015]4031号)、贵州省科技创新人才团队建设项目(黔科合平台人才[2016]5624)和贵州省教育厅创新群体重大研究项目(黔教合KY字[2016]023)。

Colchicine induce polyploid from protocorm of Cremastra appendiculata

WU Yan-Qiu, YE Rui-Hua, LÜ Xiang, WANG Wang-Zhong, ZHANG Ming-Sheng^*, LIU Jian-Dong

School of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Conservation and Germplasm Innovation in Mountainous Region (Ministry of Education), Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China

Corresponding author: ZHANG Ming-Sheng; E-mail: mszhang@guz.edu.cn

Abstract:

The protocorms of Cremastra appendiculata were treated with colchicine for ployploid induction. The effects on the growth and shoot regeneration of C. appendiculata protocorms by colchicine treatment with different mass fraction and processing time were examined. The morphological characters of the normal and variant plantlets were compared, and the chromosome ploidy of root tip cells were identified. The results showed that toxicity of colchicine was larger for the protocorms of C. appendiculata, and the survival rate of protocorms were decreased obviously with the increase of mass fraction of colchicines and treated time. The induction rates of polyloid were different for different treatments, the highest induction rate was 20%. Morphologically, the polyploid plantlets were stouter than normal plantlets, with harder leaves, bigger pseudobulbs, fewer and shorter roots.

Key words: Cremastra appendiculata; protocorm; colchicine; chemical induction; polyploid